SARS-CoV-2 viral load is associated with increased disease severity and mortality fajnzylber2020sars
The paper quantified SARS-CoV-2 viral load from participants with a diverse range of COVID-19 disease severity, including those requiring hospitalization, outpatients with mild disease, and individuals with resolved infections. Blood was collected from hospitalized participants, non-hospitalized symptomatic individuals seeking care at a respiratory infection clinic, and participants who had recovered from known COVID-19 disease. Nasopharyngeal swabs, oropharyngeal swabs, sputum, and urine were collected from hospitalized participants. Data were obtained from the supplementary materials.
Analytes
Nasopharyngeal_SARSCoV2_N
Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected in 3 mL of phosphate-buffered saline. Viral concentrations were quantified using RT-qPCR targeting the N gene in the nasopharyngeal swab samples.
Biomarker: SARS-CoV-2
Specimen:
nasopharyngeal swab
Units: gc/mL
Gene target: N1
Participants: 66
Negative samples: 52
Positive samples (not quantifiable): 0
Quantifiable samples: 43
Limit of quantification: unknown
Limit of detection: 40
Oropharyngeal_PBS_SARSCoV2_N
Oropharyngeal swabs were collected in 3 mL of phosphate buffered saline. Viral concentrations were quantified using RT-qPCR targeting the N gene in oropharyngeal swab samples.
Biomarker: SARS-CoV-2
Specimen:
oropharyngeal swab
Units: gc/mL
Gene target: N1
Participants: 47
Negative samples: 23
Positive samples (not quantifiable): 0
Quantifiable samples: 41
Limit of quantification: unknown
Limit of detection: 40
Oropharyngeal_VTM_SARSCoV2_N
Oropharyngeal swabs were collected in viral transport medium. Viral concentrations were quantified using RT-qPCR targeting the N gene in oropharyngeal swab samples.
Biomarker: SARS-CoV-2
Specimen:
oropharyngeal swab
Units: gc/mL
Gene target: N1
Participants: 18
Negative samples: 5
Positive samples (not quantifiable): 0
Quantifiable samples: 13
Limit of quantification: unknown
Limit of detection: 40
Sputum_SARSCoV2_N
Sputum samples were collected and viral concentrations were quantified using RT-qPCR targeting the N gene.
Biomarker: SARS-CoV-2
Specimen:
sputum
Units: gc/mL
Gene target: N1
Participants: 45
Negative samples: 13
Positive samples (not quantifiable): 0
Quantifiable samples: 54
Limit of quantification: unknown
Limit of detection: 40
Plasma_SARSCoV2_N
Plasma samples were collected and viral concentrations were quantified using RT-qPCR targeting the N gene.
Biomarker: SARS-CoV-2
Specimen:
plasma
Units: gc/mL
Gene target: N1
Participants: 71
Negative samples: 90
Positive samples (not quantifiable): 0
Quantifiable samples: 23
Limit of quantification: unknown
Limit of detection: 40
Urine_SARSCoV2_N
Urine samples were collected and viral concentrations were quantified using RT-qPCR targeting the N gene.
Biomarker: SARS-CoV-2
Specimen:
urine
Units: gc/mL
Gene target: N1
Participants: 53
Negative samples: 70
Positive samples (not quantifiable): 0
Quantifiable samples: 7
Limit of quantification: unknown
Limit of detection: 40